r/etymology • • 1d ago

Cool etymology The lowest form of wit

The Greek sarx - flesh - has given us a few words.

Many people know about the sarcophagus - literally flesh-consumer - as limestone coffins were supposedly capable of dissolving human remains.

Sarcopenia is the medical term for the loss of body mass, most noticeably muscle mass, that usually accompanies old age.

But thanks to the inestimable Susie Dent on BBC Radio 4’s ‘Unspeakable’ this morning I learned a new one. Sarcasm. Greek grammarians adapted the noun sarkasmos to describe a biting, cutting remark—a verbal "tearing of flesh" where a speaker smiles while wounding someone with insincere words.

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23

u/athstas 1d ago

I would translate sarcophagus as flesh-eater and sarcopenia as flesh- poverty 

13

u/logos__ 1d ago

Interestingly, the Japanese word for sarcasm, hiniku (皮肉), also has the character for meat in it! Though the other character means skin, so literally 'skinmeat'.

5

u/raendrop 1d ago

Don't forget the sarkastodon.

4

u/thelmaandpuhleeze 1d ago

I assume sarcoma also springs from this

2

u/ronrori 1d ago

It literary describes a tumor of the flesh

2

u/exkingzog 1d ago

Sarcoplasmic reticulum.

2

u/azhder 1d ago

So, they had a word for tearing up a new one.

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u/small_p_problem 1d ago

And Sarkozy.